{"id":90,"date":"2023-03-20T15:05:30","date_gmt":"2023-03-20T15:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/46.22.135.215\/?p=90"},"modified":"2025-11-11T15:11:32","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T15:11:32","slug":"communication-from-the-commission-to-the-european-parliament-the-council-the-european-economic-and-social-committee-and-the-committee-of-the-regions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peers.universityofgalway.ie\/hu\/2023\/03\/20\/communication-from-the-commission-to-the-european-parliament-the-council-the-european-economic-and-social-committee-and-the-committee-of-the-regions\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2606Communication From The Commission To The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

European Union Disaster Resilience Goals: Acting together to deal with future emergencies
COM\/2023\/61 final<\/p>\n\n\n\n

he European Union in a changing risk landscape: preparing for the unknown<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The EU is confronted by multiple, simultaneous challenges and threats, some of which would have been considered unthinkable until very recently. It needs to anticipate these challenges and be better prepared. Russia\u2019s war of aggression against Ukraine has rocked the continent and shows our responsibility to strengthen civilian emergency preparedness for multiple threats, both man-made and natural, in the increasingly unsettled global security context. Nuclear risk, disruption of energy, transport and food supplies, interruption of medical treatment, destruction of health infrastructure and mass population movements within Europe highlight the importance of maintaining the essential services that underpin our society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While a war is raging on our Eastern border, the EU continues to deal with the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemics featured among the top identified risks in the national risk assessments of several European countries prior to the emergence of COVID-19. Yet, risk identification had not translated into specific emergency planning and disaster prevention efforts that could have better protected our citizens. Based on this lesson learned, the Union strengthened its health security framework, notably through the EU Health Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While we are dealing with these crises, the heavy impact of climate change is increasingly apparent in our daily lives and further exacerbates Europe\u2019s vulnerability to crises 1<\/a> . Temperatures in Europe have increased by more than twice the global average over the past 30 years \u2013 the highest of any continent in the world 2<\/a> . This warming trend has serious consequences. In 2022, drought affected nearly two thirds of the EU territory 3<\/a> , which reduced river flows, water reservoirs and ground water, impacting health, energy, water supplies, transport and agricultural production. Heatwaves pose a serious risk to life and human health. Repeated prolonged periods of drought are increasing the geographical scope, frequency and intensity of wildfires across the entire EU. The 2022 fire season was the second worst in the EU and recorded a 250% increase over the average burnt area in the past 15 years 4<\/a> . The devastating floods that hit several European countries in July 2021 are an equally stark reminder that extreme weather events claim lives, damage homes and cause significant economic losses. Environmental degradation caused by pollution, deforestation, and other human activities increases ecosystems\u2019 vulnerability and amplifies the impacts of climate change. Over half of the EU Member States consider earthquakes to be a main risk. Extreme weather aggravates the seismic vulnerability of Europe\u2019s ageing infrastructure, including transport infrastructure, hospitals, fire stations, and energy production and distribution facilities. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the aftermath of a disaster, civil protection 5<\/a>  is the lifeline for affected populations. Through the Union Civil Protection Mechanism (\u2018Union Mechanism\u2019) 6<\/a>  the EU has been stepping up its emergency readiness at all levels. When a crisis overwhelms the capacity of a single country, the Union Mechanism provides the operational backbone for Europe\u2019s collective response both within the Union (including the EU outermost regions), and outside the Union. Between 2020 and 2022, the Union Mechanism was activated over 320 7<\/a> times, including more than 100 times by the Member States. This is five times more than the average of the previous 10 years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the context of Russia\u2019s war of aggression against Ukraine, the Union Mechanism has provided life-saving assistance with the largest and most complex EU civil protection operation since its establishment. It has delivered over 80,000 tonnes of in-kind assistance to Ukraine and its neighbouring countries, worth some EUR 500 million.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Delivery of rescEU power generators to Ukraine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 Departamentul pentru Situa\u0163ii de Urgen\u0163\u0103, 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

At the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Union Mechanism established the first strategic rescEU 8<\/a>  stockpile of medical countermeasures which contributed to saving thousands of lives across Europe. It facilitated the repatriation of over 100,000 EU citizens stranded abroad during the pandemic and the distribution of 40 million vaccine doses to 49 countries worldwide in line with the EU Vaccine strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Union Mechanism channelled collective European solidarity that enabled a strong response to massive wildfires during the summer of 2022: airplanes and helicopters were mobilised for 38 EU firefighting operations, in addition to nearly 400 firefighters and 100 vehicles deployed under the EU flag to save lives and prevent European forests from burning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For over two decades the Union Mechanism has also supported and complemented Member States\u2019 efforts for disaster prevention and preparedness. In the face of the evolving risk landscape, such efforts have to be reinforced. Effective prevention and preparedness need to be based on forward-looking scenarios that reach beyond the civil protection system, across different socio-economic sectors and include our cultural heritage. The complexity and interdependency of risks the EU faces shows the importance of identifying vulnerabilities in critical sectors, anticipating hazards and threats and reinforcing collective action to better prevent and prepare for disasters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II.Five disaster resilience goals to strengthen the EU overall resilience<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The convergence of multiple, simultaneous risks that ripple across national borders calls for a change of mindset at all levels. National disaster risk identification and planning quickly reaches its limits when threats, vulnerabilities and interdependencies are cross-border and Europe-wide. While acknowledging sector-specific measures, prevention and preparedness need to adapt accordingly and become multisector, multi-layered and pan-European.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Therefore, as required by the legal framework establishing the Union Mechanism 9<\/a> , the EU and the Member States have collectively identified five disaster resilience goals which address the areas where the need to strengthen Europe\u2019s resilience to disasters and crises is the greatest. Such goals are a common baseline to support prevention and preparedness actions for disasters capable of causing multi-country transboundary effects. They are set out in a Commission recommendation 10<\/a>  accompanying this Communication. Each with specific objectives, the goals set a common agenda to strengthen the EU\u2019s collective capacity to withstand the impacts of future disasters, and to protect citizens, livelihoods and the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The five goals are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.Anticipate – Improving risk assessment, anticipation and disaster risk management planning;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.Prepare – Increasing risk awareness and preparedness of the population;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.Alert – Enhancing early warning;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.Respond – Enhancing the Union Civil Protection Mechanism response capacity;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.Secure – Ensuring a robust civil protection system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3 v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 kock\u00e1zati k\u00f6rnyezetben: felk\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9s az ismeretlenre <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az EU-nak sz\u00e1mos egyidej\u0171 kih\u00edv\u00e1ssal \u00e9s fenyeget\u00e9ssel kell szemben\u00e9znie, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl n\u00e9h\u00e1ny eg\u00e9szen a k\u00f6zelm\u00faltig elk\u00e9pzelhetetlennek t\u0171nt volna. Ezeket a kih\u00edv\u00e1sokat el\u0151re kell jeleznie \u00e9s azokra az eddigin\u00e9l jobban fel kell k\u00e9sz\u00fclnie. Oroszorsz\u00e1g Ukrajna elleni agresszi\u00f3s h\u00e1bor\u00faja megr\u00e1zta a kontinenst, \u00e9s megmutatja felel\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00fcnket abban, hogy meg kell er\u0151s\u00edteni a polg\u00e1ri vesz\u00e9lyhelyzetekre val\u00f3 felk\u00e9sz\u00fclts\u00e9get a t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r\u00f6s, mind ember okozta, mind a term\u00e9szeti fenyeget\u00e9sekkel szemben az egyre kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 nyugodt glob\u00e1lis biztons\u00e1gi viszonyok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A nukle\u00e1ris kock\u00e1zatok megjelen\u00e9se, az energiaell\u00e1t\u00e1s, a k\u00f6zleked\u00e9s \u00e9s az \u00e9lelmiszer-ell\u00e1t\u00e1s zavarai, az orvosi ell\u00e1t\u00e1s megszakad\u00e1sa, az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1k megsemmis\u00fcl\u00e9se, valamint az Eur\u00f3p\u00e1n bel\u00fcli t\u00f6meges migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s mozg\u00e1sok r\u00e1vil\u00e1g\u00edtanak a t\u00e1rsadalmunk alapj\u00e1t k\u00e9pez\u0151 alapvet\u0151 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok fenntart\u00e1s\u00e1nak fontoss\u00e1g\u00e1ra. Mik\u00f6zben a keleti hat\u00e1rainkon h\u00e1bor\u00fa folyik, az EU tov\u00e1bbra is foglalkozik a Covid19vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeivel. A Covid19 megjelen\u00e9se el\u0151tt t\u00f6bb eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1g nemzeti kock\u00e1zat\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9ben a vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1nyok a legfontosabb azonos\u00edtott kock\u00e1zatok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepeltek. A kock\u00e1zatok azonos\u00edt\u00e1sa azonban nem eredm\u00e9nyezett olyan konkr\u00e9t vesz\u00e9lyhelyzeti tervez\u00e9st \u00e9s katasztr\u00f3famegel\u0151z\u00e9si er\u0151fesz\u00edt\u00e9seket, amelyek jobban v\u00e9dhett\u00e9k volna polg\u00e1rainkat. E tanuls\u00e1g alapj\u00e1n az EU meger\u0151s\u00edtette az uni\u00f3s k\u00f6zeg\u00e9szs\u00e9g-v\u00e9delmi keretet, mindenekel\u0151tt az eur\u00f3pai eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi uni\u00f3 r\u00e9v\u00e9n. Mik\u00f6zben ezek a v\u00e1ls\u00e1gok sz\u00e1mos feledatot r\u00f3nak r\u00e1nk, az \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s s\u00falyos hat\u00e1sa egyre nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3bb mindennapi \u00e9let\u00fcnkben, \u00e9s tov\u00e1bb s\u00falyosb\u00edtja Eur\u00f3pa v\u00e1ls\u00e1gokkal szembeni kiszolg\u00e1ltatotts\u00e1g\u00e1t1. Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet az elm\u00falt 30 \u00e9vben a glob\u00e1lis \u00e1tlag t\u00f6bb mint k\u00e9tszeres\u00e9vel n\u0151tt, \u00edgy a vil\u00e1g \u00f6sszes kontinense k\u00f6z\u00fcl itt a legnagyobb a n\u00f6veked\u00e9s2. Ez a felmeleged\u00e9si tendencia s\u00falyos k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyekkel j\u00e1r. 2022-ben az asz\u00e1ly az EU ter\u00fclet\u00e9nek k\u00f6zel k\u00e9tharmad\u00e1t \u00e9rintette3, cs\u00f6kkentette a foly\u00f3k v\u00edzmennyis\u00e9g\u00e9t, a v\u00edzt\u00e1roz\u00f3kban l\u00e9v\u0151 v\u00edz \u00e9s a felsz\u00edn alatti vizek mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9t, \u00e9s hat\u00e1ssal volt az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyre, az energia\u00fcgyre, a v\u00edzell\u00e1t\u00e1sra, a k\u00f6zleked\u00e9sre \u00e9s a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi termel\u00e9sre. A h\u0151hull\u00e1mok komoly vesz\u00e9lyt jelentenek az \u00e9letre \u00e9s az emberek eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00e9re n\u00e9zve. Az ism\u00e9tl\u0151d\u0151, elh\u00faz\u00f3d\u00f3 asz\u00e1lyos id\u0151szakok Uni\u00f3-szerte egyre n\u00f6velik a kontroll\u00e1latlan veget\u00e1ci\u00f3t\u00fczek f\u00f6ldrajzi kiterjed\u00e9s\u00e9t, gyakoris\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s intenzit\u00e1s\u00e1t. A 2022. \u00e9vi t\u0171zszezon volt a m\u00e1sodik legrosszabb t\u0171zszezon az EU-ban, \u00e9s az elm\u00falt 15 \u00e9vben az \u00e1tlagosan fel\u00e9gett ter\u00fclet nagys\u00e1ga 250 %-kal n\u0151tt4. A 2021 j\u00falius\u00e1ban t\u00f6bb eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1got s\u00fajt\u00f3 puszt\u00edt\u00f3 \u00e1rvizek ugyanilyen hat\u00e1rozottan eml\u00e9keztetnek arra, hogy a sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1si esem\u00e9nyek \u00e9leteket k\u00f6vetelnek, k\u00e1rt okoznak az otthonokban, \u00e9s jelent\u0151s gazdas\u00e1gi vesztes\u00e9geket eredm\u00e9nyeznek. A szennyez\u00e9s, az erd\u0151irt\u00e1s \u00e9s m\u00e1s emberi tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gek \u00e1ltal okozott k\u00f6rnyezetk\u00e1rosod\u00e1s fokozza az \u00f6kosziszt\u00e9m\u00e1k sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9s az \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s hat\u00e1sait. A tag\u00e1llamok t\u00f6bb mint fele szerint a f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek jelent\u0151s kock\u00e1zatot jelentenek. A sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s s\u00falyosb\u00edtja Eur\u00f3pa el\u00f6reged\u0151 infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1nak szeizmikus sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t, bele\u00e9rtve a k\u00f6zleked\u00e9si infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1t, a k\u00f3rh\u00e1zakat, a t\u0171zolt\u00f3 \u00e1llom\u00e1sokat, valamint az energiatermel\u00e9si \u00e9s -eloszt\u00f3 l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A katasztr\u00f3f\u00e1kat k\u00f6vet\u0151en a polg\u00e1ri v\u00e9delem5 az \u00e9rintett lakoss\u00e1g ment\u0151\u00f6ve. Az uni\u00f3s polg\u00e1ri v\u00e9delmi mechanizmus (a tov\u00e1bbiakban: uni\u00f3s mechanizmus)6 r\u00e9v\u00e9n az EU minden szinten fokozza vesz\u00e9lyhelyzeti felk\u00e9sz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u00e9t. Amikor egy v\u00e1ls\u00e1g meghaladja egyetlen orsz\u00e1g k\u00e9pess\u00e9geit, az uni\u00f3s mechanizmus biztos\u00edtja Eur\u00f3pa kollekt\u00edv v\u00e1laszl\u00e9p\u00e9seinek operat\u00edv gerinc\u00e9t mind az Uni\u00f3n bel\u00fcl (bele\u00e9rtve az EU legk\u00fcls\u0151 r\u00e9gi\u00f3it is), mind az Uni\u00f3n k\u00edv\u00fcl. 2020 \u00e9s 2022 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az uni\u00f3s mechanizmust t\u00f6bb mint 320 alkalommal aktiv\u00e1lt\u00e1k7, ebb\u0151l t\u00f6bb mint 100 alkalommal a tag\u00e1llamok. Ez az el\u0151z\u0151 10 \u00e9v \u00e1tlag\u00e1nak \u00f6tsz\u00f6r\u00f6se. Oroszorsz\u00e1g Ukrajna elleni agresszi\u00f3s h\u00e1bor\u00faj\u00e1val \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sben az uni\u00f3s mechanizmus \u00e9letment\u0151 seg\u00edts\u00e9get ny\u00fajtott a l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sa \u00f3ta legnagyobb \u00e9s leg\u00f6sszetettebb uni\u00f3s polg\u00e1ri v\u00e9delmi m\u0171velet sor\u00e1n. T\u00f6bb mint 80 000 tonna term\u00e9szetbeni t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st juttatott el Ukrajn\u00e1nak \u00e9s a szomsz\u00e9dos orsz\u00e1goknak, mintegy 500 milli\u00f3 EUR \u00e9rt\u00e9kben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Covid19-vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny korai szakasz\u00e1ban az uni\u00f3s mechanizmus biztos\u00edtotta az els\u0151 rescEU8 strat\u00e9giai eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi k\u00e9szletfelhalmoz\u00e1st, amely Eur\u00f3pa-szerte t\u00f6bb ezer \u00e9let megment\u00e9s\u00e9hez j\u00e1rult hozz\u00e1. A vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny idej\u00e9n t\u00f6bb mint 100 000, k\u00fclf\u00f6ld\u00f6n rekedt uni\u00f3s polg\u00e1r hazasz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t tette lehet\u0151v\u00e9, \u00e9s az uni\u00f3s olt\u00f3anyag-strat\u00e9gi\u00e1val \u00f6sszhangban 40 milli\u00f3 olt\u00f3anyagadag sz\u00e9toszt\u00e1s\u00e1t seg\u00edtette el\u0151 vil\u00e1gszerte 49 orsz\u00e1gban. Az uni\u00f3s mechanizmus \u00e1ltal biztos\u00edtott kollekt\u00edv eur\u00f3pai szolidarit\u00e1s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette a 2022 nyar\u00e1n bek\u00f6vetkezett jelent\u0151s kontroll\u00e1latlan veget\u00e1ci\u00f3t\u00fczekre val\u00f3 hat\u00e1rozott reag\u00e1l\u00e1st: a mechanizmus keret\u00e9ben 38 uni\u00f3s t\u0171zolt\u00e1si m\u0171velethez biztos\u00edtottak rep\u00fcl\u0151g\u00e9peket \u00e9s helikoptereket, tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 k\u00f6zel 400 t\u0171zolt\u00f3 \u00e9s 100 j\u00e1rm\u0171 mozg\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt sor uni\u00f3s z\u00e1szl\u00f3 alatt, hogy \u00e9leteket mentsenek, \u00e9s megakad\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k az eur\u00f3pai erd\u0151k \u00e9g\u00e9s\u00e9t. Az uni\u00f3s mechanizmus t\u00f6bb mint k\u00e9t \u00e9vtizede a tag\u00e1llami er\u0151fesz\u00edt\u00e9seket is t\u00e1mogatja \u00e9s kieg\u00e9sz\u00edti a katasztr\u00f3f\u00e1k megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9s a katasztr\u00f3fav\u00e9delmi felk\u00e9sz\u00fclts\u00e9g ter\u00fclet\u00e9n. A v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 kock\u00e1zati k\u00f6rnyezetre val\u00f3 tekintettel ezeket az er\u0151fesz\u00edt\u00e9seket fokozni kell. A hat\u00e9kony megel\u0151z\u00e9snek \u00e9s felk\u00e9sz\u00fclts\u00e9gnek el\u0151retekint\u0151, a polg\u00e1ri v\u00e9delmi rendszeren t\u00falmutat\u00f3, a t\u00e1rsadalom \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1g k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 ter\u00fcleteire kiterjed\u0151 forgat\u00f3k\u00f6nyveken kell alapulnia, amelyek kultur\u00e1lis \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9g\u00fcnkkel is foglalkoznak. Az EU-t \u00e9rint\u0151 kock\u00e1zatok \u00f6sszetetts\u00e9ge \u00e9s egym\u00e1st\u00f3l val\u00f3 f\u00fcgg\u00e9se r\u00e1mutat arra, milyen fontos azonos\u00edtani a kritikus \u00e1gazatokban fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9geket, el\u0151re jelezni a vesz\u00e9lyeket \u00e9s fenyeget\u00e9seket, illetve meger\u0151s\u00edteni a k\u00f6z\u00f6s fell\u00e9p\u00e9st a katasztr\u00f3f\u00e1k hat\u00e9konyabb megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9s az azokra val\u00f3 jobb felk\u00e9sz\u00fclts\u00e9g \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

English version<\/em> full-text<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n